Shipping from China to the Canada
In 2024, Canada imported approximately $87 billion worth of goods from China, making China its second-largest trading partner after the United States. Canada’s main imports from China include electronics, machinery, clothing, furniture, and household appliances. However, for many newcomers to the industry, the shipping process from China to Canada can seem complex. To help simplify the process, this brief guide will provide you with everything you need to know. You’ll learn how to ship from China to Canada, identify the best shipping routes, find the best shipping rates, and choose the best freight forwarders.
The best way to ship goods from China to Canada depends on the type of goods, the cost, the delivery time, and other specific needs. If you don’t have much money and are sending a large quantity of goods, Ocean Freight is the most cost-effective option. If you’re in a hurry, Air Freight or Express is a better choice. The best option depends on the type of goods, the quantity being sent, the shipping cost, and the delivery timeframe required.
- Air Freight:Faster, with costs between Express Shipping and Ocean Freight, suitable for slightly heavier shipments (usually over 150-200 kg) or shipments with specific time requirements.
- Sea Freight:The slowest but the cheapest and the most economical choice for transporting large quantities of goods.
Sea Freight from China to Canada
Sea freight has become the preferred method for shipping goods from China to Canada, thanks to its cost-effectiveness and large capacity. Whether you need to transport oversized machinery, heavy equipment such as excavators, or large precision instruments, sea freight offers a versatile solution for shipping substantial cargo volumes.
However, it’s important to note that ocean shipping involves longer transit times, making it less suitable for time-sensitive shipments. If you opt for sea freight to Canada, meticulous inventory management and advanced planning for purchase orders are crucial to minimize the risk of stock shortages.
Types of Sea Freight Shipping: FCL and LCL
When shipping by sea, two primary options are available: FCL (Full Container Load) and LCL (Less than Container Load).
- FCL (Full Container Load): This method involves shipping an entire container filled with goods specifically for one customer from China to Canada. FCL is generally more cost-effective than LCL and is ideal for businesses with large shipments on a regular basis.
- LCL (Less than Container Load): With LCL, multiple customers share a container when shipping goods to the same destination. Although LCL offers a solution for smaller shipments, it involves additional processes such as consolidation, unpacking, warehousing, and paperwork, resulting in higher costs per unit and longer shipping times compared to FCL.
Air Freight from China to Canada
When speed, safety, and efficiency are top priorities, air freight stands out as the ideal solution. With transit times ranging from 3 to 10 days, or up to 13 days in some cases, air shipping is perfect for time-sensitive goods, especially in today’s fast-paced market where time is money.
As for pricing, smaller shipments around 45 kilograms typically cost between $19.55 and $22.06 per kilogram, while larger shipments (300–500 kilograms) are more cost-effective, averaging $18.29 to $20.68 per kilogram.
Air freight is particularly well-suited for high-value items such as electronics, pharmaceuticals, and precision instruments, where fast and secure delivery is critical. When reliability matters, air freight delivers.
Shipping times vary depending on the chosen method and the specific route:
- Express Delivery: usually the fastest, takes about 3-6 business days.
- Air Freight: generally takes about 6-10 days (airport to airport, not including inland transportation and customs clearance time at either end).
- Sea Freight: The longest, usually 15-35 days or more (port to port, again not including inland transport and customs clearance times at both ends).
Please note that these are estimated times, and the actual transit time may be affected by various factors, such as weather, port congestion, customs inspections, peak seasons, etc.
1. The mode of transport determines the price
Shipping costs mainly depend on the mode of transport you choose:
- Sea Freight: Suitable for large quantities, it costs around $200 to $400 per cubic meter but takes 15–35 days.
- Air Freight is suitable for small quantities of high-value goods. It costs around $5–12 per kilogram and has a transit time of 6–10 days.
2. Factors affecting shipping costs
- Goods volume and weight: Goods that are bulky or heavy are more expensive.
- Destination: Shipping costs vary between different cities in Canada, with prices increasing as the destination becomes more distant.
- Market fluctuations: Fuel prices, seasons (e.g., holiday shipping costs will rise), international policies, etc., can all affect prices.
3. How can I save on shipping costs?
- Plan: If you don’t need your shipment urgently, choosing Ocean Freight is cheaper.
- Group shipping: Small shipments can be grouped with others to share the costs.
- Choose a reliable logistics company: Different logistics companies have different prices, so compare several.
To sum up, if you are shipping a large quantity, Ocean Freight is the most cost-effective; if you are shipping urgent goods, Air Freight is faster but more expensive; and if you are shipping small, high-value items, Express Delivery is the most convenient. Specific costs will fluctuate depending on market conditions, so it is recommended that you consult a freight forwarding company for the latest quote before actually shipping your goods.
How much does Air Freight from China to Canada cost?
Air Freight is less expensive than Express Shipping but much more expensive than Ocean Freight. The price is based on the “chargeable weight”, which is the greater of the actual gross weight or the volumetric weight (usually converted at 1 cubic meter = 167 kilograms). The total price of Air Freight usually includes the airfare itself, as well as fuel surcharges, security surcharges, ground handling fees, etc. Prices fluctuate greatly and are affected by the season, oil prices, and supply and demand for cargo space.
| Weight (kg) | Rate (USD/kg) | Transit Time (Days) |
| +100 kg | $ 6.22 | 6 – 10 |
| +300 kg | $ 5.95 | 6 – 10 |
| +500 kg | $ 5.95 | 6 – 10 |
| +1000 kg | $ 5.81 | 6 – 10 |
How long does it take to ship from China to Canada by Air Freight?
The transit time from airport to airport is usually around 6 to 10 days. However, this does not include the time from the sender’s factory to the airport of departure, customs clearance, and collection of goods after they arrive at the destination airport, and inland transportation to the final destination. The entire door-to-door process may take longer.
Why is there such a big difference in Air Freight transit time from China to Canada?
The following factors may cause the difference in transit time:
- Direct flight vs. connecting flight: Direct flights are faster but usually more expensive.
- Flight frequency and class: There are more flights from major airports, and waiting times may be shorter. During peak seasons, limited seating may result in delays.
- Ground handling efficiency: The speed of cargo handling, security checks, and loading and unloading at the airport.
- Customs clearance: Whether the documents are complete and whether they are selected for inspection will affect the speed of customs clearance.
- Airline selection: Different airlines have different service levels and transit efficiency.
When should I use Air Freight from China?
You should consider Air Freight when making your shipment.
- It is heavy (usually over 150-200 kg), and express shipping is too expensive.
- It is time-sensitive but not so urgent that Ocean Freight is an option.
- It is of high value, and you want to reduce the risk by shortening transit time.
- Due to its size or nature, it is not suitable for express shipping (e.g., goods that require special handling).
Ocean freight is the most common and cost-effective mode of transport in international trade. It is particularly suitable for large quantities of non-time-sensitive goods.
LCL shipping from China to Canada
- Definition: If your shipment is not large enough to fill a full container, you can choose LCL shipping. Your goods will be shipped in the same container as several other shipments.
- Advantages: For small quantities, the initial cost is lower than renting a full container.
- Disadvantages:
- The unit cost (per cubic meter/ton) is usually higher than for a full container.
- The transit time may be longer because the goods need to be unloaded and sorted at the port of departure and the port of destination.
- The risk of damage or loss during multiple handling is relatively high.
- Billing: Usually billed by volume (cubic meters CBM) or weight (tons), whichever generates higher costs (called W/M – Weight or Measurement).
Full container shipping from China to Canada
- Definition: You rent and use one or more full containers exclusively for your goods.
- Advantages:
- Lower unit costs when the volume is large enough (usually over 15-20 cubic meters).
- Faster and more predictable transit time than LCL (port-to-port).
- The goods are in the same box from loading to unloading, reducing the number of handling times and the risk of damage.
- Disadvantages: Higher total cost for small shipments.
- Billing: A fixed fee is charged based on the type of container and the shipping route.
Container options for shipping from China to Canada
The most common standard dry container types include:
- 20-foot standard container (20′ GP): has an internal capacity of about 28-30 cubic meters.
- 40-foot standard container (40′ GP): has an internal capacity of about 58-60 cubic meters.
- 40-foot high cube (40′ HQ): About 1 foot taller than the 40′ GP, this cube has an internal capacity of about 68-70 cubic meters and is suitable for bulky but lightweight goods.
| Container Type External | l Dimensions (L×W×H) | Internal Dimensions (L×W×H) | Volume Max Payload Tare | re Weight | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20GP | 6.06 m × 2.44 m × 2.59 m | 5.90 m × 2.35 m × 2.39 m | 28-30 m³ | 24,000 kg | 2,300 kg |
| 40GP | 12.19 m × 2.44 m × 2.59 m | 12.03 m × 2.35 m × 2.39 m | 58-60m³ | 30,480 kg | 3,700 kg |
| 40HQ | 12.19 m × 2.44 m × 2.89 m | 12.03 m × 2.35 m × 2.69 m | 68-70 m³ | 30,480 kg | 4,100 kg |
- Other special container types include reefers (refrigerated containers) for transporting goods that require temperature control, open-top containers for extremely high goods, and flat rack containers for oversized or heavy goods.
How long does Ocean Freight from China to Canada take?
Ocean Freight transit times are affected by several factors, in particular, the origin and destination ports:
| Transit Time (Days) | Shanghai | Ningbo | Qingdao | Shenzhen |
| Vancouver | 20-28 | 21-28 | 22-29 | 20-30 |
| Montreal | 20-28 | 22-29 | 21-28 | 20-30 |
| Halifax | 20-30 | 22-29 | 20-30 | 21-28 |
These times refer only to Ocean Freight (port-to-port). You also need to add the time it takes for the container to travel from the factory to the port of departure, port handling, customs clearance, and then from the port of destination to the final destination.
How much does it cost to ship a container from China to Canada? (FCL Cost)
FCL Ocean Freight is a cost item that fluctuates greatly. It is heavily influenced by global economic conditions, fuel prices, shipping alliance strategies, port congestion, the balance of supply and demand for containers, and seasonal factors such as shipping peaks before and after holidays.
During and after the pandemic, freight rates fluctuated dramatically, with a 20-foot container costing anywhere from $2,200 – $3,450. Prices may have come down relatively, but real-time quotes still need to be obtained based on specific routes and times. A 40-foot container may cost between $4,000 and $5,200 or even more or less. This is just a very rough range. Obtaining real-time quotes is highly recommended.
| Shipping Route | Rate (USD/20GP) | Rate (USD/40GP) | Transit Time (Days) |
| Shipping to Vancouver | $ 3,250.00 | $ 4,850.00 | 20-30 |
| Shipping to Montreal | $ 3,250.00 | $ 4,050.00 | 20-30 |
| Shipping to Halifax | $ 3,250.00 | $ 4,850.00 | 20-30 |
What is the cost of LCL from China to Canada?
LCL costs are calculated based on W/M (weight tons or volume cubic meters, whichever is greater). For example, the possible price is 50-150 USD per cubic meter/ton, but this is also a very rough estimate. In addition to the basic ocean freight, LCL also has more fixed surcharges, such as port handling charges, documentation fees, unpacking fees, etc. Therefore, even if the unit price does not seem high, the total cost needs to be carefully calculated. When the volume of your goods reaches a certain level (for example, 10-15 CBM), it may be more cost-effective to rent a 20-foot full container.
| Shipping Route | Rate (USD/CBM) | Transit Time (Days) |
| Shipping to Vancouver | $ 23.00 | 30 – 34 |
| Shipping to Montreal | $ 26.00 | 16 – 20 |
| Shipping to Halifax | $ 26.00 | 16 – 20 |
What are the best Ocean Freight companies in China?
The world’s major container shipping companies operate on the China-Canada route, including:
- Maersk
- MSC
- CMA CGM
- COSCO Shipping
- Evergreen Marine
- Hapag-Lloyd
- ONE
Similarly, as a shipper, you will usually book space and handle transport through a freight forwarder. The freight forwarder will select the right option from among these shipping companies for you and negotiate a price based on your needs and budget.
Shipping routes are the lanes on which ships and planes travel when moving goods. The primary shipping lanes from China to Canada include:
- Ocean freight routes: This includes a Trans-Pacific route connecting Shanghai, Xiamen, Ningbo, Shenzhen, and Qingdao ports to western Canada, specifically Vancouver and Prince Rupert. The second is the transatlantic lane connecting the Chinese ports to eastern Canada ports in Montreal and Halifax.
- Air freight routes: Transporting shipments via air to Canada from China often involves using Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenzhen, or Xiamen airports to Vancouver, Toronto Pearson, and Montreal Pierre Elliott Trudeau airports.
- Transshipment route: Although less popular, it’s still a viable option. Shipments are transported by rail through the Trans-Siberian railway to Europe, from where they are transferred onto vessels headed to Canada.
A second option is shipping from China ports to transshipment hubs on the East Coast (Tacoma and Seattle ports) and West Coast (Los Angeles and Long Beach ports) of the United States. The products are then transferred and shipped from those hubs to destination ports in Canada.
Our experienced freight forwarders in Canada can recommend the best and most efficient shipping routes for your China-to-Canada shipments. This way, you’ll save time and costs, as well as receive your cargo on time.
The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) is responsible for collecting duties and taxes on goods imported into Canada. When goods enter the country, the importer—or their customs broker—must file a formal customs declaration with the CBSA and pay the applicable charges, which include:
- Duties: These are calculated based on the customs value of the goods (usually the transaction value) and the applicable tariff classification (HS code).
- Goods and Services Tax (GST): A federal tax of 5%, typically applied to the total CIF value (Cost + Insurance + Freight) plus any duties owed.
- Provincial Sales Tax (PST) or Harmonized Sales Tax (HST): Additional sales taxes may apply depending on the province.
- Minimum duty-free threshold: Generally, if the value of a shipment is less than CAD 20, it is exempt from duties and taxes. However, for imports from the United States and Mexico, if the product value plus duties is less than CAD 40, duties and taxes are exempt; if the FOB value of the order is less than CAD 150, only duties are exempt.
- Anti-dumping Duties and Countervailing Duties: If it is determined that a country is unfairly subsidizing its exporters or selling goods at prices below their normal value (dumping), Canada may impose anti-dumping duties and/or countervailing duties, calculated as a percentage of the export price of the goods. These duties are typically imposed for five years and may be renewed for five years. Canada currently imposes anti-dumping responsibilities and/or countervailing duties on certain imports from certain regions of China.
- Excise Duties: Canada also imposes excise duties on certain specific goods, such as petroleum products, vehicles with low fuel efficiency, automotive air conditioners, beer, wine, spirits, tobacco products, and locally produced cannabis products.
What is DDP shipping from China?
In the context of DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) shipping from China to the USA, the seller assumes full responsibility for all associated costs and risks. This encompasses customs clearance, duties, and taxes, extending until the item is delivered to its final destination in the USA. This encompasses transportation, customs clearance, and delivery to the buyer’s specified address. The purchaser is only required to arrange for the collection of the goods at the previously agreed-upon location.
Why Choose DDP for Shipping from China to Canada
In the context of international trade, DDP offers several significant advantages, making it a preferred choice for many importers. Benefits of DDP for Importers:
- Simplified Logistics and Customs Processes: With DDP, the seller handles the complexities of shipping and customs clearance, including documentation, compliance with regulations, and payment of import duties. This simplification can be particularly beneficial for businesses unfamiliar with the destination country’s import procedures.
- Reduced Risk and Hassle for Buyers: By transferring most of the risks and responsibilities to the seller, buyers can focus on their core business activities without worrying about the intricacies of international shipping. This reduction in hassle translates to a smoother supply chain and fewer potential disruptions.
- Cost Considerations: Although DDP might initially seem more expensive than other shipping terms, it can be cost-effective in the long run. The all-inclusive nature of DDP means there are no hidden costs or unexpected expenses. Buyers can budget more accurately, avoiding surprises related to customs duties or additional shipping fees.
- Time Savings and Efficiency: The streamlined process of DDP shipping often results in faster delivery times. Since the seller is motivated to ensure timely delivery to avoid extra costs, the entire logistics chain operates more efficiently. This efficiency can be crucial for businesses relying on just-in-time inventory systems.
DDP Air Freight from China to Canada
Advantages:
- Fast Delivery: Air freight is the quickest mode of international transportation, making it ideal for time-sensitive shipments such as samples, high-value goods, or seasonal items.
- Hassle-Free Process: With the DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) model, the seller handles all logistics, including customs clearance and delivery. Buyers don’t need to worry about paperwork or import procedures.
- All-Inclusive Pricing:DDP air freight typically comes with a clear, upfront cost that includes shipping, duties, and taxes—helping you avoid hidden fees or unexpected charges.
Disadvantages:
- Higher Costs: Air freight is significantly more expensive than ocean freight, particularly for large or heavy shipments.
- Strict Cargo Restrictions: There are limitations on size, weight, and the type of goods you can ship by air (e.g., batteries, liquids, and hazardous materials often require special handling or may be prohibited).
Best For: Urgent shipments, small batches of high-value items, product samples, and lightweight e-commerce packages.
DDP Ocean Freight from China to Canada
Advantages:
- Cost-Effective: Ocean freight is the most economical option for large, heavy, or bulk shipments.
- Higher Volume Capacity: It accommodates a wide range of cargo types and sizes without the weight and dimensional limits associated with air freight.
- Simplified Experience: DDP shipping by sea also removes the burden of dealing with customs and taxes, making it easier for importers, especially those new to international logistics.
Disadvantages:
- Longer Transit Times: Ocean freight usually takes several weeks or more, depending on the shipping route and destination.
- Potential Delays: Weather conditions, port congestion, and customs inspections can all impact delivery schedules, making them less predictable than those of air freight.
Best For: Bulk goods, furniture, machinery, regular inventory replenishment, and other items with flexible delivery timeframes.
Choosing Between DDP Air and DDP Ocean Freight
Your decision should be based on:
- Nature of the Goods:Opt for air freight for lightweight, high-value, or time-sensitive items. Opt for sea freight for large, bulky, or non-urgent shipments.
- Delivery Timeline: If speed is crucial, air freight is the preferred option. If you have more time, sea freight offers greater cost savings.
- Budget Constraints: Air freight is faster but more expensive. Sea freight is slower but significantly cheaper, especially for large volumes.
For beginners, it is advisable to work with a professional freight forwarder. Here are the basic steps:
Step 1: Choose a Reliable Freight Forwarder
Start by partnering with an experienced international freight forwarder who understands the logistics and compliance requirements for China–Canada trade. At Hongocean, we are a Chinese freight forwarding company specializing in helping SMBs and e-commerce companies transport goods efficiently and economically.
Step 2: Select the Right Mode of Transportation
Choose a shipping method based on your cargo’s size, urgency, and budget:
- Air Freight: Ideal for time-sensitive shipments. Delivery typically takes 3–7 days.
- Sea Freight (FCL or LCL): Best for bulk shipments. It’s more cost-effective but slower, with a transit time of 20–40 days.
- Express Services (FedEx, UPS, DHL): Suitable for small, high-value parcels that need fast delivery but at a higher cost.
Step 3: Arrange Pickup
Please coordinate with your freight forwarder or carrier to pick up the goods from your supplier, factory, or warehouse and transport them to the designated port or airport.
Step 4: Prepare Required Export and Import Documents
Accurate documentation is key for smooth customs clearance. Common documents include:
- Commercial Invoice
- Packing List (including country of origin and HS code)
- Certificate of Origin
- Bill of Lading
- Insurance Policy
📌 Working with a freight forwarder that offers customs brokerage services can help reduce errors and delays during clearance.
Step 5: Calculate Duties and Taxes
Estimate applicable import duties and taxes using the Canada Harmonized System (HS) code. You can check this using the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) or third-party tariff lookup tools.
Step 6: Check for Additional Fees or Permits
Certain goods may require additional taxes or regulatory approvals. For example:
- Alcohol or tobacco: Subject to excise tax
- Food, cosmetics, or medical items may need FDA approval
- Electronics or chemical items: May require FCC, EPA, or other permits
Step 7: Complete Canada Customs Clearance
Customs clearance must be finalized before the goods enter Canada. This involves submitting the entry manifest, documents, and duty payments. For shipments over $2,500, a licensed customs broker is usually required to handle the clearance process.
Step 8: Schedule Final Delivery
Once the shipment clears customs, arrange for last-mile delivery to the final destination—whether it’s a business address, warehouse, or customer location. Your freight forwarder or a local logistics provider can assist with this step.
A Canada freight forwarder can make a lot of difference in your shipping experience. With the right one, you’ll enjoy a stress-free shipping process and fast cargo delivery at your preferred destination.
To hire the best one for your needs, look for the following:
- Industry and route experience: Only hire freight forwarders who are familiar with the China-Canada shipping routes and know how to transport your type of cargo. For example, if you’re shipping dangerous goods, you need a freight forwarder experienced in handling and transporting such freight.
- Familiarity with Canada’s import regulations: Canada’s import regulations and policies are constantly evolving. You need a freight forwarder that’s up-to-date on new regulations, tariffs, laws, and policies.
- Transparency: Discovering that you have to pay additional fees or charges for your shipment can be frustrating. Yet, many importers have to deal with this. Always look out for freight forwarders offering complete pricing transparency, so you’ll only pay what you see during your booking.
- Fast and responsive support: You want to be able to reach your freight forwarder promptly if something unexpected arises. Look for 24/7 live support so you can contact them at any time for any issue.
- Robust network coverage: Your freight forwarder should have comprehensive network coverage that allows them to deliver your shipments to you in Canada from anywhere in China.
- Prioritize speed and efficiency: A reliable freight forwarder can be a valuable partner to your business. They’ll work to ensure your cargo arrives on time so your business never suffers any inventory downtime.
Shipping from China to Canada involves many steps and considerations. Understanding the different shipping methods (Express, Air Freight, Ocean Freight) and their advantages and disadvantages, knowing the cost structure (especially landed costs), and making good use of professional freight forwarders and customs brokers will greatly simplify the process. Careful planning, comparison, and ensuring that all documents are in order will ensure that your goods cross the Pacific Ocean to their destination more smoothly and economically.
